{
  "version": 1,
  "event_id": "evt_0f8b132b10a6f10f",
  "url": "https://xiyu.news/events/evt_0f8b132b10a6f10f/",
  "json": "https://xiyu.news/api/events/evt_0f8b132b10a6f10f.json",
  "type": "protocol_change",
  "status": "developing",
  "category": "crypto",
  "title": {
    "zh": "以太坊Glamsterdam升级在Sepolia测试网激活并提升区块Gas上限",
    "en": "Ethereum’s upcoming Glamsterdam upgrade clears rehearsal for a big jump in capacity"
  },
  "current_state": {
    "zh": "以太坊的 Glamsterdam 升级已在 Sepolia 测试网上线，将测试网区块 gas 上限从约 6000 万提高到约 2 亿，开发者正于主网部署前测试容量改进。",
    "en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade went live on the Sepolia testnet, raising the testnet block gas limit from roughly 60 million to about 200 million as developers test capacity improvements ahead of mainnet deployment."
  },
  "first_seen_at": "2026-09-17T17:11:45.183417+00:00",
  "last_updated_at": "2026-10-09T03:03:28.944936+00:00",
  "last_material_change_at": "2026-10-09T03:03:28.944936+00:00",
  "confidence": 0.75,
  "updates_count": 7,
  "sources_count": 13,
  "entities": [
    "activates",
    "gas",
    "glamsterdam",
    "sepolia",
    "upgrade"
  ],
  "identifiers": [],
  "topics": [
    "epbs",
    "gas-limit",
    "glamsterdam",
    "mev",
    "protocol-upgrade",
    "prysm",
    "scalability",
    "scaling",
    "sepolia",
    "testnet"
  ],
  "updates": [
    {
      "update_id": "upd_e8aa870f12b7d78b",
      "event_id": "evt_0f8b132b10a6f10f",
      "occurred_at": "2026-09-17T12:37:21Z",
      "published_at": "2026-09-17T12:37:21Z",
      "first_seen_at": "2026-09-17T17:11:45.183417Z",
      "time_precision": "published",
      "update_type": "initial",
      "material_change": true,
      "title_zh": "以太坊 Glamsterdam 升级通过演练，迈向 2 亿 Gas 区块",
      "title_en": "Ethereum’s upcoming Glamsterdam upgrade clears rehearsal for a big jump in capacity",
      "what_changed_zh": "以太坊 Glamsterdam 升级在新的区块构建规则下于 Devnet-11 测试网持续出块，Nethermind 执行客户端通过了全部 2,302 项性能测试，在 3 分 15 秒内处理了 5,707 亿 Gas（约每秒 29 亿 Gas）。测试网上线约一小时后，区块 Gas 上限从 6,000 万提高到 2 亿，为拟定的 10 月 6 日 Sepolia 公共测试网部署做准备。\n\nGlamsterdam 引入的区块级访问列表让客户端可以并行地预取数据、同时校验互不相关的交易，而不再按顺序处理，这有望让以太坊在每个区块中容纳更多支付、代币兑换等活动，并在网络拥堵时缓手续费尖峰。该升级还把构建者与验证者之间的交接及其支付纳入以太坊自身的协议规则，从而减少对外部中继服务的依赖。\n\n2 亿 Gas 上限目前仅是测试设置，尚未成为以太坊主网的承诺，而 Devnet-11 被设计为不包含故意攻击的受控演练；10 月 6 日的 Sepolia 部署日期仍需正式确认。Glamsterdam 还将区块数据在网络中传播的时间窗口从约 2 秒延长到 9 秒，使验证者有更充裕的时间接收并校验该升级所支持的大区块；此外，Nethermind 的基准测试衡量的是客户端执行速度，而非整个网络的性能。",
      "what_changed_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade cleared a key rehearsal milestone, with Nethermind passing all 2,302 performance tests and the test network raising its block gas limit toward 200 million ahead of a proposed October 6 Sepolia deployment.",
      "current_state_zh": "以太坊 Glamsterdam 升级在新的区块构建规则下于 Devnet-11 测试网持续出块，Nethermind 执行客户端通过了全部 2,302 项性能测试，在 3 分 15 秒内处理了 5,707 亿 Gas（约每秒 29 亿 Gas）。测试网上线约一小时后，区块 Gas 上限从 6,000 万提高到 2 亿，为拟定的 10 月 6 日 Sepolia 公共测试网部署做准备。\n\nGlamsterdam 引入的区块级访问列表让客户端可以并行地预取数据、同时校验互不相关的交易，而不再按顺序处理，这有望让以太坊在每个区块中容纳更多支付、代币兑换等活动，并在网络拥堵时缓手续费尖峰。该升级还把构建者与验证者之间的交接及其支付纳入以太坊自身的协议规则，从而减少对外部中继服务的依赖。\n\n2 亿 Gas 上限目前仅是测试设置，尚未成为以太坊主网的承诺，而 Devnet-11 被设计为不包含故意攻击的受控演练；10 月 6 日的 Sepolia 部署日期仍需正式确认。Glamsterdam 还将区块数据在网络中传播的时间窗口从约 2 秒延长到 9 秒，使验证者有更充裕的时间接收并校验该升级所支持的大区块；此外，Nethermind 的基准测试衡量的是客户端执行速度，而非整个网络的性能。",
      "current_state_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade cleared a key rehearsal milestone, with Nethermind passing all 2,302 performance tests and the test network raising its block gas limit toward 200 million ahead of a proposed October 6 Sepolia deployment.",
      "detailed_summary_zh": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade cleared a key rehearsal milestone, with Nethermind passing all 2,302 performance tests and the test network raising its block gas limit toward 200 million ahead of a proposed October 6 Sepolia deployment.",
      "detailed_summary_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade cleared a key rehearsal milestone, with Nethermind passing all 2,302 performance tests and the test network raising its block gas limit toward 200 million ahead of a proposed October 6 Sepolia deployment.",
      "background_zh": "Gas 衡量交易所需的计算工作量，而每个以太坊区块都有 Gas 上限，限制了它能容纳的活动量。提高该上限可以提升吞吐量，但会让区块更难、更昂贵地被校验，因此 Glamsterdam 将其与区块级访问列表（EIP-7928）配套推出：访问列表会预先记录区块将要触及的所有账户与存储位置，让客户端在执行开始前就知道需要加载哪些状态依赖。Glamsterdam 是继 Pectra 之后以太坊的下一个重要协议升级，目标是为网络下一代扩容扫清道路。",
      "background_en": "Gas measures the computing work a transaction requires, and each Ethereum block has a gas limit that caps how much activity it can contain. Raising that limit increases throughput but makes blocks harder and more expensive to verify, which is why Glamsterdam pairs it with block-level access lists (EIP-7928), which record upfront every account and storage slot a block will touch so clients know which state dependencies to load before execution begins. Glamsterdam is Ethereum's next major protocol upgrade after Pectra, aimed at clearing the path for the network's next generation of scaling.",
      "community_discussion_zh": "",
      "community_discussion_en": "",
      "market_impact_zh": "以太坊吞吐量升级会影响 ETH 的手续费销毁动态，以及把数据回传主网的 Layer 2 rollup 的经济模型，因为更大的区块空间和更低的拥堵会减少活动高峰期的基础手续费尖峰。但本次进展仅局限于 devnet 和尚在拟议中的测试网部署，因此目前尚未改变主网的供应、质押或流动性状况。",
      "market_impact_en": "Ethereum throughput upgrades feed into ETH's fee-burn dynamics and the economics of layer-2 rollups that post data back to mainnet, since more block space and lower congestion reduce base-fee spikes during activity surges. This particular milestone is confined to a devnet and a proposed testnet deployment, so it does not yet alter mainnet supply, staking, or liquidity conditions.",
      "importance_score": 7.5,
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://ethereum.org/roadmap/glamsterdam/",
          "title": "Glamsterdam | ethereum.org"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7928",
          "title": "EIP-7928: Block-Level Access Lists"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.binance.com/en/ethereum-upgrade",
          "title": "What is the Ethereum Glamsterdam Upgrade? | Binance"
        }
      ],
      "confidence": 0.75,
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    {
      "update_id": "upd_d1d9fe5bcdb8dd68",
      "event_id": "evt_0f8b132b10a6f10f",
      "occurred_at": "2026-09-18T05:23:29Z",
      "published_at": "2026-09-18T05:23:29Z",
      "first_seen_at": "2026-09-18T09:07:03.350802Z",
      "time_precision": "published",
      "update_type": "confirmation",
      "material_change": true,
      "title_zh": "以太坊确认Glamsterdam日期，但警告“虚假”构建者可能拖慢链上运行",
      "title_en": "Ethereum confirms Glamsterdam dates, but warns 'fake' builders could stall the chain",
      "what_changed_zh": "以太坊开发者确认了Glamsterdam测试网日期，同时警告攻击者可能利用免费测试以太币和一次性构建者身份，通过扣留交易载荷来扰乱Sepolia区块拍卖。",
      "what_changed_en": "Ethereum developers confirmed Glamsterdam testnet dates while warning that attackers could exploit free test ether and disposable builder identities to disrupt Sepolia block auctions by withholding transaction payloads.",
      "current_state_zh": "以太坊开发者确认了Glamsterdam测试网日期，同时警告攻击者可能利用免费测试以太币和一次性构建者身份，通过扣留交易载荷来扰乱Sepolia区块拍卖。",
      "current_state_en": "Ethereum developers confirmed Glamsterdam testnet dates while warning that attackers could exploit free test ether and disposable builder identities to disrupt Sepolia block auctions by withholding transaction payloads.",
      "detailed_summary_zh": "Ethereum developers confirmed Glamsterdam testnet dates while warning that attackers could exploit free test ether and disposable builder identities to disrupt Sepolia block auctions by withholding transaction payloads.",
      "detailed_summary_en": "Ethereum developers confirmed Glamsterdam testnet dates while warning that attackers could exploit free test ether and disposable builder identities to disrupt Sepolia block auctions by withholding transaction payloads.",
      "background_zh": "",
      "background_en": "",
      "community_discussion_zh": "",
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      "market_impact_zh": "",
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      "importance_score": 7.0,
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      "confidence": 0.75,
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          "label": "CoinDesk",
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    },
    {
      "update_id": "upd_20096887c1621472",
      "event_id": "evt_0f8b132b10a6f10f",
      "occurred_at": "2026-09-29T08:53:02Z",
      "published_at": "2026-09-29T08:53:02Z",
      "first_seen_at": "2026-09-29T10:50:19.005102Z",
      "time_precision": "published",
      "update_type": "confirmation",
      "material_change": true,
      "title_zh": "以太坊基金会将于10月6日在Sepolia测试网上激活Glamsterdam升级",
      "title_en": "以太坊基金会将于10月6日在Sepolia测试网上激活Glamsterdam升级",
      "what_changed_zh": "以太坊基金会宣布 Glamsterdam 升级将于 2026 年 10 月 6 日在 Sepolia 测试网激活（epoch 353,024，slot 11,296,768），要求节点运营商更新执行层与共识层客户端；Hoodi 与主网激活时间尚未确定。",
      "what_changed_en": "The Ethereum Foundation announced that the Glamsterdam upgrade will activate on the Sepolia testnet on October 6, 2026 (epoch 353,024, slot 11,296,768), requiring node operators to update execution and consensus clients; Hoodi and mainnet activation dates remain undecided.",
      "current_state_zh": "Ethereum 开发者已确认 Glamsterdam 测试网日期并警告攻击者可能利用免费测试 ETH 和一次性 builder 身份通过扣留交易载荷扰乱 Sepolia 区块拍卖；以太坊基金会进一步宣布该升级将于 2026 年 10 月 6 日在 Sepolia 测试网激活，节点运营商需更新客户端，Hoodi 与主网日期未定。",
      "current_state_en": "Ethereum developers confirmed Glamsterdam testnet dates and warned attackers could exploit free test ether and disposable builder identities to disrupt Sepolia block auctions by withholding transaction payloads; the Ethereum Foundation further announced the upgrade will activate on the Sepolia testnet on October 6, 2026, requiring node operators to update clients, with Hoodi and mainnet dates undecided.",
      "detailed_summary_zh": "The Ethereum Foundation announced that the Glamsterdam upgrade — combining execution-layer Amsterdam and consensus-layer Gloas, with ePBS, block-level access lists and gas-pricing changes — will activate on the Sepolia testnet on October 6, 2026, requiring node operators to update clients while Hoodi and mainnet dates remain undecided.",
      "detailed_summary_en": "The Ethereum Foundation announced that the Glamsterdam upgrade — combining execution-layer Amsterdam and consensus-layer Gloas, with ePBS, block-level access lists and gas-pricing changes — will activate on the Sepolia testnet on October 6, 2026, requiring node operators to update clients while Hoodi and mainnet dates remain undecided.",
      "background_zh": "",
      "background_en": "",
      "community_discussion_zh": "",
      "community_discussion_en": "",
      "market_impact_zh": "",
      "market_impact_en": "",
      "importance_score": 7.0,
      "references": [],
      "confidence": 0.96,
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        "rss:cointelegraph.com_rss:295a6044ce195699"
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          "label": "theblockbeats",
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          "official": false
        },
        {
          "url": "https://cointelegraph.com/news/ethereum-glamsterdam-upgrade-sepolia?utm_source=rss_feed&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=rss_partner_inbound",
          "label": "Cointelegraph",
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    },
    {
      "update_id": "upd_3011479d7a70afec",
      "event_id": "evt_0f8b132b10a6f10f",
      "occurred_at": "2026-10-06T04:58:02Z",
      "published_at": "2026-10-06T04:58:02Z",
      "first_seen_at": "2026-10-06T07:22:05.372385Z",
      "time_precision": "published",
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      "material_change": true,
      "title_zh": "以太坊Glamsterdam升级今晚将在Sepolia测试，区块Gas上限拟提升至2亿",
      "title_en": "以太坊Glamsterdam升级今晚将在Sepolia测试，区块Gas上限拟提升至2亿",
      "what_changed_zh": "以太坊 Glamsterdam 升级于 10 月 6 日 13:53 UTC 在 Sepolia 测试网激活，区块 Gas 上限从约 6000 万提升至 2 亿；开发者紧急发布 Prysm 7.2.1 验证者客户端，修复区块 Gas 上限设置问题，确保验证者自动生成 2 亿 Gas 区块。",
      "what_changed_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade activates on Sepolia testnet on October 6 at 13:53 UTC, raising the block gas limit from roughly 60 million to 200 million; an emergency Prysm 7.2.1 validator client release fixes gas limit configuration to ensure validators automatically propose 200M gas blocks.",
      "current_state_zh": "以太坊 Glamsterdam 升级于 10 月 6 日在 Sepolia 测试网激活，区块 Gas 上限从约 6000 万提升至 2 亿；验证者需升级至 Prysm 7.2.1 等包含新 Gas 上限设置的客户端才能自动生成更大区块。2 亿 Gas 设置目前仅适用于 Sepolia 测试网，Glamsterdam 尚未在以太坊主网激活。",
      "current_state_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade activates on Sepolia testnet on October 6, raising the block gas limit from ~60M to 200M; validators need clients like Prysm 7.2.1 with updated gas limit settings to automatically propose larger blocks. The 200M gas setting currently applies only to Sepolia testnet; Glamsterdam is not yet activated on Ethereum mainnet.",
      "detailed_summary_zh": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade activates on the Sepolia testnet with the block gas limit raised from roughly 60 million to 200 million, prompting an emergency Prysm 7.2.1 validator client release so nodes can automatically propose the larger blocks.",
      "detailed_summary_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade activates on the Sepolia testnet with the block gas limit raised from roughly 60 million to 200 million, prompting an emergency Prysm 7.2.1 validator client release so nodes can automatically propose the larger blocks.",
      "background_zh": "",
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      "community_discussion_zh": "",
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      "importance_score": 7.0,
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      "confidence": 0.95,
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      "event_id": "evt_0f8b132b10a6f10f",
      "occurred_at": "2026-10-06T14:25:19Z",
      "published_at": "2026-10-06T14:25:19Z",
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      "time_precision": "published",
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      "material_change": true,
      "title_zh": "以太坊 Glamsterdam 升级在 Sepolia 上线",
      "title_en": "Ethereum’s Glamsterdam Upgrade Activates on Sepolia",
      "what_changed_zh": "以太坊的 Glamsterdam 升级已在 Sepolia 测试网上线，完成了前两个升级 epoch，同时 gas 上限开始从 6000 万逐步攀升，朝着客户端 2 亿的目标迈进。",
      "what_changed_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade went live on the Sepolia testnet, finalizing its first two upgraded epochs while the gas limit began a gradual climb from 60 million toward a 200 million client target.",
      "current_state_zh": "以太坊的 Glamsterdam 升级已在 Sepolia 测试网上线，完成了前两个升级 epoch，同时 gas 上限开始从 6000 万逐步攀升，朝着客户端 2 亿的目标迈进。",
      "current_state_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade went live on the Sepolia testnet, finalizing its first two upgraded epochs while the gas limit began a gradual climb from 60 million toward a 200 million client target.",
      "detailed_summary_zh": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade went live on the Sepolia testnet, finalizing its first two upgraded epochs while the gas limit began a gradual climb from 60 million toward a 200 million client target.",
      "detailed_summary_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade went live on the Sepolia testnet, finalizing its first two upgraded epochs while the gas limit began a gradual climb from 60 million toward a 200 million client target.",
      "background_zh": "",
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      "update_type": "aftermath",
      "material_change": true,
      "title_zh": "以太坊Glamsterdam测试在升级后每区块gas接近2亿",
      "title_en": "Ethereum’s Glamsterdam test runs near 200 million gas per block after upgrade",
      "what_changed_zh": "Glamsterdam 升级在 Sepolia 测试网激活后，早期区块实际使用约 5200 万至 9200 万 Gas，仅为可用上限的 26% 至 46%；一次六分钟投票期内所有 32 个计划区块均被提出，99.97% 的合格测试网质押投票达到最终性；Hoodi 测试网暂定于 10 月 27 日进行，主网激活日期仍未确定。",
      "what_changed_en": "After the Glamsterdam upgrade activated on Sepolia, early blocks used roughly 52M to 92M gas each, only 26% to 46% of the available limit; in a six-minute voting period all 32 scheduled blocks were proposed and 99.97% of eligible testnet stake voted toward finality; Hoodi testnet is tentatively set for Oct. 27, with no mainnet activation date announced.",
      "current_state_zh": "以太坊 Glamsterdam 升级已在 Sepolia 测试网激活，区块 Gas 上限从约 6000 万提升至近 2 亿；早期区块实际使用率在 26% 至 46% 之间，网络最终性表现稳定。Hoodi 测试网暂定于 2026 年 10 月 27 日进行，主网激活日期未定。",
      "current_state_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade is active on the Sepolia testnet, raising the block gas limit from ~60M to nearly 200M; early blocks used 26% to 46% of capacity, and finality performed well. The Hoodi testnet is tentatively set for October 27, 2026, with no mainnet activation date set.",
      "detailed_summary_zh": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade activated on the Sepolia testnet, lifting the block gas limit to nearly 200 million from about 60 million while early blocks used under half that capacity, with a Hoodi rehearsal tentatively set for Oct. 27 and no mainnet date announced.",
      "detailed_summary_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade activated on the Sepolia testnet, lifting the block gas limit to nearly 200 million from about 60 million while early blocks used under half that capacity, with a Hoodi rehearsal tentatively set for Oct. 27 and no mainnet date announced.",
      "background_zh": "",
      "background_en": "",
      "community_discussion_zh": "",
      "community_discussion_en": "",
      "market_impact_zh": "",
      "market_impact_en": "",
      "importance_score": 7.5,
      "references": [],
      "confidence": 0.95,
      "story_ids": [
        "rss:www.coindesk.com_arc_outboundfeeds_rss_:4ad484abafc0fc3d",
        "telegram:theblockbeats:199404"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2026/10/08/ethereum-s-glamsterdam-test-runs-near-200-million-gas-per-block-after-upgrade",
          "label": "CoinDesk",
          "source_type": "rss",
          "official": false
        },
        {
          "url": "https://m.theblockbeats.info/flash/370720?from=telegram",
          "label": "theblockbeats",
          "source_type": "telegram",
          "official": false
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "update_id": "upd_a3330359b3967291",
      "event_id": "evt_0f8b132b10a6f10f",
      "occurred_at": "2026-10-09T01:35:02Z",
      "published_at": "2026-10-09T01:35:02Z",
      "first_seen_at": "2026-10-09T03:03:28.944936Z",
      "time_precision": "published",
      "update_type": "escalation",
      "material_change": true,
      "title_zh": "以太坊Glamsterdam升级于测试网激活，区块Gas上限已提升至约2亿",
      "title_en": "以太坊Glamsterdam升级于测试网激活，区块Gas上限已提升至约2亿",
      "what_changed_zh": "以太坊的 Glamsterdam 升级已在 Sepolia 测试网上线，将测试网区块 gas 上限从约 6000 万提高到约 2 亿，开发者正于主网部署前测试容量改进。",
      "what_changed_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade went live on the Sepolia testnet, raising the testnet block gas limit from roughly 60 million to about 200 million as developers test capacity improvements ahead of mainnet deployment.",
      "current_state_zh": "以太坊的 Glamsterdam 升级已在 Sepolia 测试网上线，将测试网区块 gas 上限从约 6000 万提高到约 2 亿，开发者正于主网部署前测试容量改进。",
      "current_state_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade went live on the Sepolia testnet, raising the testnet block gas limit from roughly 60 million to about 200 million as developers test capacity improvements ahead of mainnet deployment.",
      "detailed_summary_zh": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade went live on the Sepolia testnet, raising the testnet block gas limit from roughly 60 million to about 200 million as developers test capacity improvements ahead of mainnet deployment.",
      "detailed_summary_en": "Ethereum's Glamsterdam upgrade went live on the Sepolia testnet, raising the testnet block gas limit from roughly 60 million to about 200 million as developers test capacity improvements ahead of mainnet deployment.",
      "background_zh": "",
      "background_en": "",
      "community_discussion_zh": "",
      "community_discussion_en": "",
      "market_impact_zh": "",
      "market_impact_en": "",
      "importance_score": 7.0,
      "references": [],
      "confidence": 0.75,
      "story_ids": [
        "telegram:theblockbeats:199581"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://m.theblockbeats.info/flash/370900?from=telegram",
          "label": "theblockbeats",
          "source_type": "telegram",
          "official": false
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
